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Nova Odessa
Nova Odessa (lit., New Odessa) is a Brazilian municipality in the state of São Paulo. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas.〔(Região Metropolitana de Campinas )〕 The population is 56,764 (2015 est.) in an area of 73.79 km².〔(Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística )〕 Nova Odessa was founded on May 24, 1905, by Carlos José de Arruda Botelho, Secretary of Agriculture of the state of São Paulo, and then settled by Russians and Latvians.
Its name is due to a visit Carlos Botelho made to the city of Odessa, Ukraine, from where he brought the style of its streets, and not because the first settlers where from there (as they were not).〔As a note, quoting http://www.novaodessa.sp.gov.br/Historia.aspx :''"e também fica esclarecido que nunca veio nenhum grupo de emigrantes da cidade de Odessa."'' (free translation: "and becomes also clarified that no group of immigrants ever came from the city of Odessa.")〕
== History ==
In the early 20th century, the area of present-day Nova Odessa was classified as an uninhabited land suitable for farming. On May 24, 1905, the Brazilian government founded Nova Odessa as a "Núcleo Colonial" (the "Colonial Nuclei" were agricultural areas to where the Brazilian government wished to attract European immigrants in large-scale).
The first settlers to arrive in the area were immigrants from Russia, but, not adapting to agriculture (one of the pointed reasons for this is that they were not farmers originally), most of them soon abandoned the colony and moved to larger Brazilian cities. In late 1905, only a few Russian families had remained in the nucleus. Determined to consolidate the colony, the Brazilian government sent João Gutmann to Riga, capital of Latvia, with the goal of attracting farmers to the colony. In 1906, the place received the first settlers from Latvia, that were the responsible for the consolidation of the colony. Later, other Brazilian immigration agents were sent to Latvia and succeeded in attracting more families.〔novaodessa.sp.gov.br - (História de Nova Odessa ). (in Portuguese)〕
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